The Famous KK Movement, Non-Violent Creed and its Aftermath
KK Khudai Khidmatgar
NWFP (north-west-frontier-province) was the battleground for many invaders since the inception of the settled population. First, the Greeks, Aryans, Khushans, and finally, the Muslims invaded the frontier region. Due to the frequent invasion and plundering, society adopted the veil and purdah policy to secure assets and humans.
The emergence of the British in India changed the fate of NWFP. Since the beginning, British Colonial Power mistreated and used rigorous force to oppress society. In 1849, the internal feuds opened the space for Ranjit Singh to annex Peshawar and the other four districts came under the jurisdiction of Punjab. However, the behavior of Raj was quite disappointing to introduce the administrative reforms in the frontier province. Such historical fallacies shaped the frontier society.
Khudai Khidmatgar Movement
The frontier people did not receive a formal education, and most of them depended on the traditional agricultural economy. During 1901, the Curzon separated the Peshawar, Hazara, Kohat, Bannu, and Dera Ismail Khan from Punjab. The province's political status was severely hurt when the Raj superseded the local voice and permanently dismantled the traditional voice. When we look around 1840-1901, the ideologies and dictators are the flying's bird - human progress and mind seems dull and inactive.
The ordinary people's lives were affected directly and indirectly because of modern progress in a sense radical and rigid public policies of the colonial powers. It was an absolute phenomenon to run the international resources management groups and teams. During the British era, the frontier tribes made a social contract in the form of Political unity to reform social evils- the degeneration of political consciousness to run the affairs of humanity.
The mandates of intellectual pursuits had done injustice to break the ruler of authority. The people have internally connected the insecurity of killing, amused in political History's slow and steady and forgotten principles. Society was functionally divided into different groups. Few of them were loyalists to Raj to Sir, and few of them were nationalists and patriots. In 1921, Abdul Ghaffar Khan (Bacha Khan) and other leaders realized the reformation of Afghan society, particularly the NWFP. He established the community (Anjuman-i-Islah-ul-Afaghana) of the reformation of Afghan.
The reason and the rationale of this society were to establish and create conscience about socio-political situations. Still, it was frozen amid trade- It realized that education and awareness could change the fate of Afghans. Through, this reformation they initiated schools and madrassas to educate young Afghans under the banner of this society; they introduced Azad Schools Islamia Madarasa. The prime objective of these schools was to teach patriotism and religious thoughts. His untiring services shifted the political turmoil into a debate and public resolutions.
On September 1, 1929, Zalmo Jirga (Young Afghans) established a similar pattern of other young alliances in other parts of the world. The rationality behind the Zalmo Jirga is to mobilize the young Afghans to realize a socio-political environment. The frontier region was considered the security measure instead of socio-economic development.
Soon After, in November 1929, Abdul Ghafar Khan coined the idea to bring all segments of life, including young and old. KK servants of God movement launched to tackle Afghans' political and social structure, particularly the NWFP region. KK had a clear vision and focused on significant issues of the frontier region. The Party was welcomed and stretched all over the NWFP. The first official office opened in Utmanzai Charsadha - Home of Bacha Khan.
The inception of KK shows the non-violent indicator to understand the political situation; they knew that the Raj had the upper hand to exercise the brutality. So AGA adopted non-violence as a creed. The reason was self-explanatory. The Afghan society had a ferocious internal feud that aggravated the unity of the case of the frontier- the possibility of Bacha Khan - Bacha Khan knew the situation, so he consciously adopted the non-violence policy to curls the rigid and radical behavior of the Raj.
Khudai Khidmatgar focused on the five essential elements. The first and foremost was the eradication of social evils. The second element was to remain non-violent, and the third subsequent principle was to uplift society through economic means. The fourth element was the education of the Pashtoon Society. Finally, the fifth element was the literature and language of Pashtun.
To reach the people of the frontier, he initiated the publishing of Journal Magazine "Pashtu" these reforms and elements shaped the Khudai Khidmatgar.
Gandhi announced Civil disobedience in India to get complete freedom. In NWFP, the congress was not influential; only the Khudai Khidmatgar had access to the Pashtun Society- they approached Bacha to participate in the civil disobedience movement to get rid of the British.
He instructed them not to use British items, specifically salt, cloths, and other edible items. The non-violence creed was there, and he advised the other members not to use the force. On April 23, 1930, the Qissa Khawani Bazaar incident happened. It was the tragic death of two hundred thirty and thousands injured. The British and Raj discouraged the idea of peaceful protest, and subsequently, Takhar Mardan, Utmanzai Charsaddha Similar atrocities happened and killed a thousand people.
Bacha Khan Non-violence was unique for Pashtoons, but the British had another non-violent leader. Later BK was famous as a Frontier Gandhi. However, the frontier society had an innate nature believing in sentimental, superficial war. The poetry of Khushal Khan Khatak did little justice to ask about the existence of God. Yet, he somehow addressed the fundamental question of science. He glorified the phenomenal question and dug out from the street folks. Almost all over the sub-continent had similar political prejudices, but few regions had excellent relations with the Raj. Once, the British Press reporter asked Bacha Khan that why he preferred non-violence to achieve political demands? He replied vehemently that "our people have innate martial skills and experienced brutality and killing from earlier invaders and along with internal strife's and feuds."
The non-violence creed impacted drastically and changed the brutal nature of Pashtoon. A new class of political elite has also emerged in the frontier. So the philosophy of non-violence had both positive and negative impacts in the frontier region. The positive result was not to indulge poor people in involving a conspiracy of loyalists and Raj because Raj's intention was quite dualistic, and Bacha Khan realized during the Qissa Khuwani Killings. However, in later History, History is itself witnessed to use the Islamic sentiments of tribal people and injected the Guns and Dollar by America and her allies. In the end, KK converted into NAP and remained a left-oriented Party until the death of Bacha Khan.
Comments
Post a Comment